Isihlalo esinamasondo (W/C) yisihlalo esinamasondo, esisetshenziselwa kakhulu abantu abakhubazekile noma obunye ubunzima bokuhamba. Ngokuqeqeshwa ngesihlalo sabakhubazekile, ukuhamba kwabantu abakhubazekile kanye nabantu abanobunzima bokuhamba kungathuthukiswa kakhulu, futhi ikhono labo lokwenza imisebenzi yansuku zonke nokuhlanganyela emisebenzini yomphakathi lingathuthukiswa. Nokho, konke lokhu kusekelwe phezu kwesisekelo esikhulu: ukumiswa kwesihlalo sabakhubazekile esifanelekile.
Isihlalo esinamasondo esifanelekile singavimbela iziguli ekusebenziseni amandla amaningi angokomzimba, sithuthukise ukuhamba, sinciphise ukuncika kumalungu omndeni, futhi senze lula ukululama okuphelele. Uma kungenjalo, kuzodala ukulimala kwesikhumba, izilonda zokucindezela, i-edema yazo zombili izitho eziphansi, ukukhubazeka komgogodla, ingozi yokuwa, ubuhlungu bemisipha kanye nenkontileka, njll ezigulini.
1. Izinto ezisebenzayo zezihlalo zabakhubazekile
① Ukuncipha okukhulu ekusebenzeni kokuhamba: njengokunqunywa, ukuphuka, ukukhubazeka nobuhlungu;
② Akukho ukuhamba ngokweseluleko sikadokotela;
③ Ukusebenzisa isihlalo esinamasondo ukuhamba kungakhuphula imisebenzi yansuku zonke, kuthuthukise ukusebenza kwenhliziyo, futhi kuthuthukise izinga lempilo;
④ Abantu abanokukhubazeka kwezitho;
⑤ Abantu abadala.
2. Ukuhlelwa kwezihlalo zabakhubazekile
Ngokwezingxenye ezihlukene ezilimele kanye nemisebenzi eyinsalela, izihlalo zabakhubazekile zihlukaniswe ngezihlalo zabakhubazekile ezijwayelekile, izihlalo zabakhubazekile zikagesi kanye nezihlalo zabakhubazekile ezikhethekile. Izihlalo ezinamasondo eziyisipesheli zihlukene ngezihlalo ezinamasondo ezimile, izihlalo zamasondo ezilalayo, izihlalo zabakhubazekile ezihamba ohlangothini olulodwa, izihlalo zamasondo ezisebenza ngogesi kanye nezihlalo zabakhubazekile ezincintisanayo ngokwezidingo ezahlukene.
3. Izinyathelo zokuphepha lapho ukhetha isihlalo sabakhubazekile
Umfanekiso: Umdwebo wokulinganisa ipharamitha yesihlalo sabakhubazekile a: ubude besihlalo; b: ububanzi besihlalo; c: ubude besihlalo; d: ukuphakama kwe-armrest; e: ukuphakama kwe-backrest
ukuphakama kwesihlalo
Linganisa ibanga ukusuka esithendeni (noma esithendeni) ukuya ku-dimple lapho uhlezi, bese wengeza u-4cm. Lapho ubeka i-footrest, ingaphezulu lebhodi kufanele okungenani libe ngu-5cm ukusuka phansi. Uma isihlalo siphakeme kakhulu, isihlalo sabakhubazekile asikwazi ukubekwa eduze kwetafula; uma isihlalo siphansi kakhulu, ithambo le-ischial lithwala isisindo esiningi kakhulu.
b Ububanzi besihlalo
Linganisa ibanga phakathi kwezinqe ezimbili noma amathanga amabili lapho uhlezi, bese wengeza u-5cm, okungukuthi, kunegebe elingu-2.5cm ohlangothini ngalunye ngemva kokuhlala. Uma isihlalo sincane kakhulu, kuba nzima ukugibela nokwehla esihlalweni sabakhubazekile, futhi izinqe nezicubu zamathanga zicindezelwe; uma isihlalo sivuleke kakhulu, akulula ukuhlala unganyakazi, akulula ukusebenzisa isihlalo esinamasondo, izitho zangaphezulu zikhathala kalula, futhi kuba nzima nokungena nokuphuma emnyango.
c Ubude besihlalo
Linganisa ibanga elivundlile ukusuka ezinqeni ukuya kumsipha we-gastrocnemius wethole lapho uhlezi, bese ukhipha u-6.5cm kumphumela wokulinganisa. Uma isihlalo sisifushane kakhulu, isisindo sizowela ikakhulukazi ku-ischium, futhi indawo yendawo ijwayele ukucindezela ngokweqile; uma isihlalo siside kakhulu, sizocindezela indawo ye-popliteal, sithinte ukujikeleza kwegazi lendawo, futhi sicasule kalula isikhumba kule ndawo. Ezigulini ezinamathanga amafushane kakhulu noma ukuguquguquka kwe-hip namadolo, kungcono ukusebenzisa isihlalo esifushane.
d Ukuphakama kwe-Armrest
Uma uhlezi phansi, ingalo engenhla iqondile futhi umphambili ubekwe endaweni yokubeka ingalo. Linganisa ubude ukusuka endaweni yesitulo uye emaphethelweni aphansi wengalo bese wengeza u-2.5cm. Ukuphakama kwe-armrest okufanelekile kusiza ukugcina ukuma komzimba okulungile nokulinganisela, futhi kungabeka izitho ezingaphezulu endaweni enethezekile. Uma i-armrest iphakeme kakhulu, ingalo engenhla iyaphoqeleka ukuthi iphakamise futhi ijwayele ukukhathala. Uma i-armrest iphansi kakhulu, umzimba ongaphezulu udinga ukuncika phambili ukuze ugcine ibhalansi, okungagcini nje ukukhathala, kodwa kungase kuthinte ukuphefumula.
e Backrest ukuphakama
Uma i-backrest iphakeme, izinzile kakhulu, futhi i-backrest ephansi, iyanda ububanzi bokunyakaza komzimba ongaphezulu kanye nezitho eziphezulu. Okubizwa ngokuthi i-backrest ephansi ukukala ibanga ukusuka esihlalweni ukuya ekhwapheni (ingalo eyodwa noma zombili ezilulelwe phambili), bese ususa u-10cm kulo mphumela. I-backrest ephezulu: linganisa ukuphakama kwangempela ukusuka esihlalweni kuya ehlombe noma ngemuva kwekhanda.
Isihlalo sokucasha
Ukuze uthole ukunethezeka nokuvimbela izilonda zokucindezela, i-cushion yesihlalo kufanele ibekwe esihlalweni. Irabha yegwebu (ugqinsi luka-5 ~ 10cm) noma umcamelo wejeli ungasetshenziswa. Ukuze isihlalo singacwili, kungafakwa ipulangwe eliwugqinsi elingu-0.6cm ngaphansi komcamelo wesihlalo.
Ezinye izingxenye ezisizayo zesihlalo sabakhubazekile
Idizayinelwe ukuhlangabezana nezidingo zeziguli ezikhethekile, njengokwandisa indawo yokushayisana yesibambo, ukwelula ibhuleki, idivayisi evimbela ukushaqeka, into evimbela ukushelela, indawo yokubeka i-armrest efakwe endaweni yokuphumuza, kanye netafula lesihlalo sabakhubazekile ukuze iziguli zidle futhi zibhale.
4. Izidingo ezahlukene zezihlalo zabakhubazekile zezifo nokulimala okuhlukene
① Ezigulini ezine-hemiplegic, iziguli ezikwazi ukugcina ibhalansi yokuhlala lapho zingagadiwe futhi zingavikelekile zingakhetha isihlalo esinamasondo esijwayelekile esinesihlalo esiphansi, futhi indawo yokubeka unyawo nelegrest ingahlukaniseka ukuze umlenze ophilile ukwazi ukuthinta ngokuphelele phansi futhi isihlalo sabakhubazekile sikwazi ukulawulwa ngaso. izitho zangaphezulu neziphansi ezinempilo. Ezigulini ezinokulinganisela okungalungile noma ukukhubazeka kwengqondo, kuyatuseka ukukhetha isihlalo sabakhubazekile esiphushwa abanye, futhi labo abadinga usizo kwabanye ukuze badlulise kufanele bakhethe indawo yokuphumula ekhishwayo.
② Ezigulini ezine-quadriplegia, iziguli ezine-C4 (C4, ingxenye yesine yomgogodla womlomo wesibeletho) nangaphezulu zingakhetha isihlalo sabakhubazekile sikagesi esilawulwa umoya noma esilawulwa yisilevu noma isihlalo sabakhubazekile esiphushwa abanye. Iziguli ezinokulimala ngaphansi kwe-C5 (i-C5, ingxenye yesihlanu yomgogodla womlomo wesibeletho) zingathembela emandleni e-flexion yomlenze ophezulu ukuze kusetshenziswe isibambo esivundlile, ngakho-ke isihlalo sabakhubazekile esiphezulu esilawulwa yi-forearm singakhethwa. Kufanele kuqashelwe ukuthi iziguli ezine-orthostatic hypotension kufanele zikhethe isihlalo sabakhubazekile esinyakazayo esingemuva, zifake i-headrest, futhi zisebenzise i-footrest ekhishwayo ene-engeli eguquguqukayo yamadolo.
③ Izidingo zeziguli ezikhubazekile zezihlalo zabakhubazekile ziyefana, futhi ukucaciswa kwezihlalo kunqunywa indlela yokulinganisa ku-athikili yangaphambilini. Ngokuvamile, izindawo zokuhlala ezimfishane zohlobo lwesinyathelo ziyakhethwa, bese kufakwa izingidi ze-caster. Labo abanama-ankle spasms noma i-clonus badinga ukwengeza izintambo zamaqakala namasongo esithende. Amathayi aqinile angasetshenziswa uma izimo zomgwaqo endaweni yokuhlala zizinhle.
④ Ezigulini ezinqunywe imilenze engezansi, ikakhulukazi ukunqunywa kwethanga lezinhlangothi ezimbili, isikhungo somzimba sishintshe kakhulu. Ngokuvamile, i-ekseli kufanele ihlehliswe futhi izinti zokulwa nokulahla kufanele zifakwe ukuze kuvinjelwe umsebenzisi ukuthi ahlehle emuva. Uma kufakwe i-prosthesis, izindawo zokuphumula zomlenze nezinyawo nazo kufanele zifakwe.
Isikhathi sokuthumela: Jul-15-2024