Umthelela wokushintsha izinkathi zonyaka emzimbeni
Ukushintshashintsha kwamazinga okushisa ezinkathi ezithile zonyaka kuba nomthelela omkhulu ekugxilweni kokungezwani komzimba emoyeni kanye nempilo yokuphefumula. Njengoba amazinga okushisa enyuka ngezikhathi zezinguquko, izitshalo zingena emijikelezweni yokuzala esheshayo, okuholela ekwandeni kokukhiqizwa kwempova - ikakhulukazi kusuka ezinhlobonhlobo ze-birch, ragweed, notshani. Ngasikhathi sinye, izimo ezifudumele zenza izindawo zokuhlala ezilungele izibungu zothuli (uhlobo lwe-Dermatophagoides), abantu bazo bachuma emazingeni omswakama angaphezu kuka-50% namazinga okushisa aphakathi kuka-20-25°C. Lezi zinhlayiya zebhayoloji, lapho zihogeliwe, zibangela ukusabela kwe-immunoglobulin E (IgE) -okuxhumanisa ne-hypersensitivity kubantu abathambekele kusengaphambili, kubonakale njenge-rhinitis engezwani ne-allergic ebonakala ngokuminyana kwamakhala, i-rhinorrhea, nokuthimula, noma ukusabela okukhulu kwe-bronchial hyperresponsiveness okubonakala ekubhebhethekeni kwesifuba somoya.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, izinselele eziphuthumayo ze-thermoregulatory ezibangelwa ukushintshashintsha kwezinga lokushisa zenza ukucindezeleka ngokomzimba ku-epithelium yokuphefumula. I-mucosa yamakhala, evame ukugcinwa ku-34-36 ° C, ihlangabezana ne-vasoconstriction ngesikhathi sokuchayeka okubandayo kanye ne-vasodilation ngezikhathi ezifudumele, okwenza kube sengozini izindlela zokususa i-mucociliary. Lokhu kucindezeleka okushisayo kunciphisa ukukhiqizwa kwe-secretory immunoglobulin A (sIgA) kuze kufike ku-40% ngokuya ngezifundo zesimo sezulu, okwenza buthaka kakhulu ukuzivikela komugqa wokuqala wepheshana lokuphefumula. Umphumela wokuba sengozini kwe-epithelial kudala izimo ezifanele ze-pathogenesis yegciwane - ama-rhinoviruses akhombisa amazinga athuthukisiwe okuphindaphinda ezindaweni ezipholile zamakhala (33-35°C uma kuqhathaniswa nokushisa komzimba okuyisisekelo), kuyilapho ama-virion omkhuhlane egcina ukuzinza okukhulu kwemvelo emoyeni obandayo onomswakama ophansi. Lezi zici ezihlanganisiwe zikhuphula izingozi zenani labantu ezifweni eziphezulu zokuphefumula cishe ngama-30% phakathi nezinkathi zezinguquko, ikakhulukazi ezithinta isibalo sezingane kanye ne-geriatric ne-mucosal immune immune immune.
Ukushintshashintsha kwezinga lokushisa kwesizini kungaba nomthelela omkhulu ekusebenzeni kwenhliziyo nemithambo yegazi ngokushintsha ukuminyana kwemithambo yegazi kanye namaphethini okunwebeka, okuholela emazingeni omfutho wegazi angazinzile. Phakathi nezikhathi zesimo sezulu esishintshashintshayo, izinguquko ezingalindelekile kumazinga okushisa emvelo zibangela ukulungiswa okuphindaphindiwe kwethoni yemithambo yegazi njengoba umzimba uzama ukugcina ukulingana kokushisa. Lokhu kucindezeleka komzimba kuphazamisa ngokulinganayo abantu abanezimo ezazivele zikhona ngaphambili njenge-hypertension (umfutho wegazi ophakeme njalo) kanye nesifo se-coronary artery (ukugeleza kwegazi okuphazamisekile kuya esicutshini senhliziyo).
Ukungaqini komfutho wegazi kubeka umthwalo owengeziwe ohlelweni lwenhliziyo nemithambo yegazi, okuphoqa inhliziyo ukuthi isebenze kanzima ukuze ijikeleze igazi ngokuphumelelayo. Kubantu abasengcupheni, lesi sidingo esiphakeme singase sinqobe ukungasebenzi kahle kwenhliziyo, okukhuphule kakhulu ingozi yezinkinga ezinzima zenhliziyo nemithambo yegazi. Lokhu kungase kuhlanganise i-angina pectoris (ukunikezwa komoyampilo okuncishisiwe okubangela ubuhlungu besifuba) kanye ne-myocardial infarction (ukuvinjelwa okuphelele kokugeleza kwegazi okuholela ekulimaleni kwezicubu zenhliziyo). Ucwaningo lwezokwelapha lubonisa ukuthi ukungazinzi okunjalo kwe-hemodynamic eqhutshwa izinga lokushisa kunomthelela ekwenyukeni okungama-20-30% kwezimo eziphuthumayo zenhliziyo phakathi noshintsho lwesizini, ikakhulukazi phakathi kweziguli esezikhulile kanye nalabo abanezimo ezingamahlalakhona ezingalawulwa kahle.
Ukushintsha kwezinkathi zonyaka ezingeni lokushisa kanye nomswakama kungaphazamisa okwesikhashana ukusebenza kokuzivikela komzimba. Njengoba isimiso somzimba sokuzivikela ezifweni sidinga isikhathi sokuzivumelanisa nezimo zemvelo ezishintshayo, lesi sikhathi sokuzijwayeza sidala iwindi lokuba sengozini. Uma echayeke kumagciwane afana namagciwane noma amagciwane phakathi nalesi sigaba, ukuzivikela komzimba kungase kube buthaka, okwandisa amathuba okuba nezifo ezinjengomkhuhlane, umkhuhlane, noma izifo zokuphefumula. Abantu abadala asebekhulile, izingane ezincane, kanye nalabo abanezimo zempilo ezingelapheki basengozini enkulu ngesikhathi soshintsho lwesizini ngenxa yokusabela kwabo komzimba okungaqinile.
Ukuvimbela nokwelashwa kwezifo ezivamile phakathi nezinguquko zonyaka
Izifo zokuphefumula
1.Qinisa izinyathelo zokuzivikela
Ngezikhathi zokuhlushwa kwempova ephezulu, zama ukunciphisa ukuphuma. Uma udinga ukuphuma, gqoka izinto zokuzivikela ezifana nezifihla-buso nezibuko ukuze ugweme ukuthintana nezinto ezingezwani nomzimba.
2. Gcina umoya uhlanzekile endlini yakho
Vula amafasitela ukuze kungene umoya njalo, sebenzisa isihlanzi somoya ukuze uhlunge izinto ezingezwani nomoya, futhi ugcine umoya wasendlini uhlanzekile.
3.Thuthukisa amasosha omzimba
Thuthukisa amasosha omzimba wakho futhi unciphise amathuba okuba nezifo zokuphefumula ngokudla ukudla okufanele, ukuzivocavoca umzimba ngokusesilinganisweni, nokulala ngokwanele.
Isifo senhliziyo
1.Qapha umfutho wegazi
Ngesikhathi sokushintsha kwesizini, qapha umfutho wegazi njalo ukuze uhlale wazi ngezinguquko zomfutho wegazi. Uma umfutho wegazi uguquguquka kakhulu, funa usizo lwezokwelapha ngesikhathi futhi ulungise umthamo wezidakamizwa ze-antihypertensive ngaphansi kokuqondisa kukadokotela.
2.Zigcine ufudumele
Faka izingubo ngesikhathi ngokuvumelana nokushintsha kwesimo sezulu ukuze ugweme ukuminyana kwemithambo yegazi ngenxa yamakhaza futhi wandise umthwalo enhliziyweni.
3.Yidla ngendlela efanele
Ukulawula ukungenisa kukasawoti nokudla okuningi okune-potassium, i-calcium, i-magnesium namanye amaminerali, njengobhanana, isipinashi, ubisi, njll., kungasiza ukugcina umfutho wegazi uzinzile.
Izifo zokungezwani komzimba
1.Gwema ukuthintana nezinto ezingezwani nomzimba
Qonda izinto ezingezwani nazo bese uzama ukugwema ukuthintana. Isibonelo, uma ungezwani nempova, nciphisa isikhathi osichitha ungaphandle phakathi nenkathi yempova.
2.Ukuvimbela nokwelashwa kwezidakamizwa
Ngaphansi kokuqondisa kukadokotela, sebenzisa izidakamizwa ezilwa nokungezwani komzimba ngokunengqondo ukuze ukhulule izimpawu zokungezwani komzimba. Ukuze uthole ukungezwani okukhulu komzimba, funa usizo lwezokwelapha kusenesikhathi.
Isikhathi sokuthumela: Apr-18-2025