Ngokuthuthuka okuqhubekayo kobuchwepheshe bokukhiqiza umoya-mpilo, i-oksijini yezokwelapha iye yashintsha kusukela kumoya-mpilo wokuqala wezimboni kuya kumoya-mpilo owuketshezi bese yaya ekukhiqizeni umoya-mpilo wamanje we-pressure swing adsorption(PSA). Indlela yokunikezwa komoyampilo nayo ithuthukile isuka ekunikezeni komoyampilo oqondile isuka ebhodleleni elilodwa iye ohlelweni oluphakathi nendawo lokuphakela komoyampilo. Njengamanje, amasistimu okuphakelwa komoyampilo aphakathi nendawo, amasistimu okumunca amaphakathi, kanye nezinhlelo zomoya ezicindezelwe seziphenduke izinhlelo ezintathu ezibalulekile zokuphakela igesi yezokwelapha emitholampilo yesimanje yasezibhedlela.
Umoya-mpilo uyisithako esibalulekile semisebenzi ye-metabolic yomuntu kanye nesidingo sokuqala sokunyakaza kokuphila komuntu. Ukwengezwa kwe-oksijeni kungathuthukisa imvelo yangaphakathi ye-physiological kanye ne-biochemical yomzimba womuntu futhi kukhuthaze umjikelezo we-benign wezinqubo ze-metabolic, ngaleyo ndlela kufinyelele injongo yokwelapha izifo, ukunciphisa izimpawu, ukugqugquzela ukululama, ukuvimbela izilonda, nokuthuthukisa impilo.
Ngakho-ke, i-oksijeni idlala indima ebalulekile emkhakheni wezokwelapha, ikakhulukazi ekusizeni kokuqala kweziguli ezigula kakhulu kanye nalabo abanokulimala ngengozi, futhi ukunikezwa kwe-oksijeni kuye kwaba enye yezimo ezidingekayo ezikhungweni zezokwelapha.
Umlando wokuthuthuka wesistimu yokuhlinzeka komoyampilo wasesibhedlela
Ibhodlela elilodwa eliqondisa umoya-mpilo
Ukunikezwa komoyampilo okuqondile kusuka ebhodleleni elilodwa kuyindlela evamile yokuhlinzeka komoyampilo ezibhedlela, futhi le ndlela ibilokhu isetshenziselwa ukuhlinzeka komoyampilo wezimboni. Njengoba umoya-mpilo wezimboni ngokuvamile uqukethe amagesi ayingozi futhi udonga lwangaphakathi lwesilinda luzogqwala, umoya-mpilo uzoba nephunga elibi. Uma isetshenziswa emtholampilo, izodala ukuthi iziguli zikhwehlele futhi zikhulise izimpawu zokuphefumula.
Ngakho-ke, ukuze kuqinisekiswe impilo yabantu, i-China ibuyekeze izindinganiso zomoya-mpilo wezokwelapha.
Ukunikezwa kwe-oxygen okuphakathi
Ukunikezwa komoyampilo, okubuye kwaziwe ngokuthi yi-central oxygen supply, kuyindlela yesimanje yokuhlinzeka komoyampilo esetshenziswa kabanzi emhlabeni jikelele. I-China yathuthukisa uhlelo lokuqala lokuhlinzeka komoyampilo emaphakathi ngo-1983, selukhuthazwe kabanzi futhi lwasetshenziswa emadolobheni amakhulu naphakathi nendawo. Njengamanje, zonke izibhedlela zesilinganiso esithile sezamukele amasistimu okuphakelwa komoyampilo amaphakathi. Ngaphezu kwalokho, uhlelo lokuhlinzeka ngegesi yezokwelapha olwakhiwe uhlelo oluphakathi nendawo lokuphakela komoyampilo, uhlelo lokumunca okuphakathi nendawo kanye nesistimu yomoya ecindezelwe sekuyiphrojekthi okufanele yakhiwe yokwakhiwa nokuvuselelwa kwezakhiwo zamawadi ezibhedlela kanye nephrojekthi edingekayo ukuze izibhedlela zithuthukiswe.
Ubuchwepheshe bokuhlinzeka komoyampilo endaweni eyodwa bungathuthukisa izinga lezokwelapha ezibhedlela, kwenze iziguli zithole ukutakulwa noma ukwelashwa ngesikhathi, futhi ngaleyo ndlela zisindise izimpilo eziningi. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, njengoba imishini yobuchwepheshe bokunikezwa komoya-mpilo emaphakathi igxile kakhulu, ihambisana nokuphathwa kwesimanje kwezibhedlela.
Ngokukhethekile, izici ezilandelayo ziyaboniswa:
- Iphayiphi eliphakathi nendawo elinikeza umoya-mpilo linengcindezi ephansi futhi lifakwe izinto eziningi zokuphepha, okulenza liphephe futhi lithembeke kakhudlwana.
- Ukunikezwa komoya-mpilo endaweni eyodwa akudingi amasilinda omoya-mpilo ukuthi ahanjiswe ewadini, okwenza ukugcinwa nokuthutha kube lula
- Uhlelo oluphakathi nendawo lokuhlinzeka komoyampilo lunamandla okuhlinzeka komoyampilo, umthamo omkhulu, ingcindezi ezinzile, futhi lungahlinzeka ngokugeleza okukhulu okuqhubekayo kokuphakelwa komoyampilo.
- Itheminali yokuhogela umoya komoyampilo yokulethwa komoyampilo emaphakathi ifakwa ngqo egumbini lokuhlinza, igumbi lezimo eziphuthumayo kanye namawodi ewodi ngayinye, okwenza ukuhogela komoyampilo kube lula, kube lula, kuphephe futhi kuthembekile.
- Ukunikezwa komoya-mpilo endaweni eyodwa kungathuthukisa kakhulu ukusetshenziswa komoyampilo, kunciphise inani labasebenzi bokuphatha umoya-mpilo, ngaleyo ndlela kuthuthukise izinzuzo zezomnotho
Uhlelo olumaphakathi lokuphakelwa komoyampilo esibhedlela luqukethe umthombo onomoya-mpilo, ipayipi lomoya-mpilo, ivalvu kanye nemishini enetheminali. Njengamanje, ibha yebhasi, i-oxygen ewuketshezi kanye ne-pressure swing adsorption(PSA) oxygen concentrator ivamise ukusetshenziswa njengomthombo womoya-mpilo wesistimu yokuphakela komoyampilo ekhaya naphesheya.
Ibha yebhasi
I-Busbar oxygen supply system yakhiwa ikakhulukazi amasethi amabili amasilinda komoya-mpilo anomfutho ophezulu (elinye elokuphakela igesi nelilodwa eliyisipele). Iqukethe ibha yebhasi, isethi yamadivayisi okulawula okuzenzakalelayo/okwenziwa ngesandla, ama-alamu omsindo nokukhanya, izinto zokunciphisa ingcindezi nokuzinzisa, ipayipi nezinye izinto. Lapho ukunikezwa komoyampilo sekuzophela, ibha yebhasi ingashintshela ngokuzenzakalela ekunikezeni komoyampilo oyisipele.
Idivayisi yokulawula inegeji yokucindezela, iyunithi yokulawula yokuqapha, nesistimu ye-alamu nezibani zezinkomba ukuze zibonise izimo zokusebenza futhi zikhumbuze umsebenzisi ukuthi amiselele isilinda somoya-mpilo esiphelile. Uma idivayisi yokulawula okuzenzakalelayo yehluleka, idivayisi yokunciphisa ingcindezi eyisipele kanye nedivayisi yokusimamisa ingcindezi izosetshenziswa ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukuzinza kwengcindezi yokunikezwa komoyampilo.
Umoya-mpilo owuketshezi
Isistimu yomthombo wegesi esebenzisa umoya-mpilo owuketshezi njengomthombo womoya-mpilo ikakhulukazi wakhiwe ithangi le-oxygen eliwuketshezi, i-vaporizer, idivayisi yokunciphisa ukucindezela kanye nedivaysi ye-alamu. Umoya-mpilo owuketshezi wengezwa usuka ethangini lomoya-mpilo owuketshezi lemoto yokuthutha ukuya ethangini lomoya-mpilo owuketshezi lesistimu yokuphakelwa komoya-mpilo emaphakathi kusetshenziswa umehluko wengcindezi phakathi kwangaphakathi nangaphandle kwethangi lomoya-mpilo owuketshezi. Ithangi le-oxygen eliwuketshezi liyi-interlayer ye-high-pressure insulation ukuze kuqinisekiswe izinga lokushisa eliphansi elidingekayo loketshezi.
Izinga lokushisa lomoya-mpilo owuketshezi likhuphuka kakhulu lapho ligeleza ku-vaporizer, okwenza i-ir ihwamuke. I-oksijini ehwamuke ngomfutho ophezulu iyancipha ekucindezelweni yidivayisi yokunciphisa ukucindezela bese ithunyelwa ngemva kokuthi ingcindezi isizinzile. Kunamathangi amabili omoya-mpilo owuketshezi ohlelweni, elilodwa elokunikeza umoya-mpilo kanye nelinye elokulondoloza; ithangi le-oxygen eliwuketshezi kanye nebha yebhasi nakho kungasetshenziswa ngokuhambisana, nethangi le-oksijini eliwuketshezi elihlinzeka ngegesi kanye nebha yebhasi isetshenziswa njengesipele.
I-Medical PSA oxygen concentrator oxygen supply
Uhlelo lokunikezwa komoyampilo lwe-PSA yezokwelapha oksijini concentrator ngokuyinhloko yakhiwe i-air compressor kanye nesomisi, isihlungi, isigxivizo somoya-mpilo, ithangi lokugcina umoya-mpilo, amapayipi nezinye izinto. Uma ukugcwaliswa komoyampilo kudingekile kumasilinda omoya-mpilo, futhi i-oxygen compressor kanye nesiteshi sokugcwalisa umoya-mpilo singasethwa. Ijeneretha ye-oxygen ye-PSA isebenzisa ubuchwepheshe bokukhiqiza umoya-mpilo we-press swing adsorption ukuthola umoya-mpilo ngobumsulwa obungu-≥ 90% obuhlangabezana namazinga komoyampilo wezokwelapha.
Ubuchwepheshe bokukhiqiza i-pressure swing adsorption oxygen busebenzisa i-adsorption ekhethiwe ye-oxygen ne-nitrogen ngamasefa amangqamuzana e-zeolite, kanye nezici amandla we-adsorption akhuphukayo ngokwanda kwengcindezi ye-adsorption futhi yehla ngokuncipha kwengcindezi ye-adsorption. Ikhangisa i-nitrogen ngaphansi kwezimo ezicindezelayo ukuze inothise umoya-mpilo; iqeda i-nitrogen ekhangisiwe ngaphansi kwezimo zengcindezi encishisiwe, futhi ivuselela isisefo samangqamuzana ngesikhathi esifanayo. Lo mjikelezo ophindaphindayo ufinyelela ukuhlukaniswa komoya-mpilo ne-nitrogen kanye nokukhiqizwa komoya-mpilo.
Ukusetshenziswa kwamajeneretha e-oksijini e-PSA yezokwelapha kungahlelwa njengeyunithi eyodwa noma iyunithi ekabili. Ekucushweni kweyunithi eyodwa, isethi eyodwa yemishini yokuphehla umoya-mpilo isetshenziswa, futhi ibhasi ye-oxygen cylider busbar isetshenziswa njengesipele. Ngesikhathi sesidingo esikhulu se-oxygen, isilinda somoya-mpilo silekelelwa ngebhasi, eyongayo futhi ephephile futhi enokwethenjelwa. Ekucushweni kweyunithi ekabili, amasethi amabili emishini yokuphehla umoya-mpilo ayalungiswa, alungele ukupaka nokugcinwa kahle, futhi kunebhasari ye-oksijini eyisipele njengesiqinisekiso, ephephile futhi esisebenziseka kakhulu.
Ukuqhathanisa okulula
Ukunikezwa kwe-oksijini ye-Busbar kudinga ukuthengwa njalo kwamasilinda oksijini wezokwelapha, okuyinkimbinkimbi ukuthutha, ukuphatha nokuphatha, futhi amasilinda adinga ukulungiswa njalo.
I-oksijini yoketshezi iyintuthuko enkulu ngaphezu kwamabhasi, ngezinzuzo zevolumu enkulu yezokuthutha, ukusebenza kahle kwezokuthutha okuphezulu, isikhathi esincane sokusiza, kanye nezindleko eziphansi zomoya-mpilo. Ithangi elingu-3.65m3 eliwuketshezi lokugcina i-oxygen, eligcwele umoya-mpilo owuketshezi futhi elifakwe igesi ngokugcwele, lingakhiqiza umoya-mpilo ongu-3000m3, odinga amasilinda ensimbi angu-500, futhi isisindo samasilinda ensimbi siwodwa singama-30t.
Amathangi okugcina i-oksijeni e-Liquid adinga kuphela ukugcwaliswa izikhathi ezingu-1-2 ngenyanga, kodwa izidingo zokusebenza ngesikhathi sokugcwalisa ziphakeme kakhulu, futhi opharetha kufanele baqinisekise ukusebenza, bahlole ukucindezela okukhipha nsuku zonke, futhi bahlole njalo futhi bagcine imishini. Inqubo yokusebenzisa umoya-mpilo inzima kakhulu.
Ijeneretha ye-oxygen yezokwelapha ye-PSA ibona ukukhiqizwa komoya-mpilo esizeni futhi isungula isiteshi sayo esizimele sokukhiqiza umoya-mpilo. Umthamo awudingi ukuthuthwa komoyampilo futhi awukhawulelwe umthombo wesibili womoya-mpilo. Imishini ingasebenza ngokuzenzakalelayo ngaphandle kokulungiswa njalo nokulinganisa. Kuphephile, kulula futhi kulula ukuyisebenzisa. Azikho ezinye izinto ezisizayo ezidingekayo, futhi umoya-mpilo wezokwelapha ofanelekayo ungangena ngokuqondile ohlelweni lwamapayipi, okwenza abaphathi besibhedlela babe ngokwesayensi kanye ne-medern.
Ukuqhathaniswa kokuphepha
Umfutho we-oxygen kusilinda onomoya-mpilo osetshenziselwa ukuphakelwa komoyampilo webhasbar uphezulu uma kuqhathaniswa, ngokuvamile u-15MPa(150 atmospheres), okungase kubangele ukuqhuma okungase kube khona uma uhlangabezana nokudlidliza nokungqubuzana okuqinile. Ikhwalithi nokuhlanzeka komoyampilo kusilinda komoyampilo akukho ngaphansi kolawulo lomsebenzisi.
I-oksijini ewuketshezi iwukukhathazeka okubaluleke kakhulu kwezokuphepha. Inani elikhulu lomoya-mpilo owuketshezi ligcinwa ethangini lokugcina umoya-mpilo owuketshezi. Izinga lokushisa lomoya-mpilo owuketshezi liphansi kakhulu (-183°C), futhi umoya-mpilo uyisisebenzi esivuthayo esinamandla. Uma sekuvuzile, imiphumela izoba yimbi. Ngakho-ke, uhlelo lwe-oxygen oluwuketshezi ludinga ukuhlolwa njalo. Uma idiski elivikela ukuqhuma ethangini le-oxygen eliwuketshezi liqhuma noma ivalve yokukhipha umoya igxume ukuze iqede, kusho ukuthi i-vacuum ye-interlayer yethangi le-oxygen ewuketshezi iyashabalala futhi kufanele ilungiswe futhi iphinde ikhishwe.
Kuyingozi ukubeka amathangi omoya-mpilo owuketshezi ezibhedlela ezinabantu abaningi. I-oksijini yoketshezi ijwayele ukuvuza ngesikhathi sokuthutha noma ukupakishwa, futhi ngisho nenani elincane lamafutha lingabangela umlilo, libe yingozi yokuphepha.
Amajeneretha e-Oxygen e-Medical PSA asebenza ekushiseni okuvamile nokucindezela okuphansi (20°C-40°C,6-8 atmospheres). Azikho izici ezingaphephile ngokomthetho futhi iphephile kunazo zonke izindlela ezintathu zokuphakela komoyampilo. Izigxili-moya zomoya ngokuvamile zifakwe umthombo womoya-mpilo webhasbar eyisipele ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukuhlinzekwa komoyampilo esimweni lapho ugesi unqamuka, ukuvalwa, noma lapho ukusetshenziswa komoyampilo kukhula ngokuzumayo isikhathi esithile futhi kudlula ukukhiqizwa komoya-mpilo okulinganiselwe kwesigxilisa komoyampilo.
Ukuqhathanisa kwezomnotho
Uhlelo lwebhasi lisebenzisa amasilinda omoya-mpilo, avame ukutholakala ezibhedlela. Okufanele kwenziwe ukucubungula amasilinda bese uwahlanganisa, ngaleyo ndlela konga izindleko zokuqala zokutshala imali.
Ukukhetha indlela yokunikeza umoya-mpilo
Njengoba ukunikezwa kwe-oksijini yebhasi kudinga ukutshalwa kwezimali okuncane kokuqala, kwezinye izibhedlela ezincane neziphakathi, ezinomthamo omncane wokwamukela iziguli kanye nokushoda kwezimali, ukusebenzisa i-busbar oxygen supply kuyindlela ewusizo kakhulu neyongayo. Ngokombono womsebenzi wezomnotho wesikhathi eside, i-PSA generator ye-oksijini yesibhedlela iyindlela eyonga kakhulu yokunikezwa komoya-mpilo. Uhlelo lunokuphepha okuphezulu futhi lungasetshenziswa ngaphandle komuntu futhi luphathwe ngendlela yesimanje. Kuyinto engcono kakhulu ezibhedlela zesimanje.
Ngakho-ke, okwamanje, izibhedlela ezinkulu kufanele zisebenzise i-PSA oxygen concentrators esibhedlela ukuze kutholakale umoya-mpilo. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, njengoba i-PSA i-oxygen concentrators ayidingi umthombo wesibili we-oksijeni futhi ingahlinzeka nge-oksijini evamile ngogesi kuphela, nayo ifaneleka kwezinye izindawo ezikude nezindawo zokuthutha ezingalungile.
Amapayipi wesistimu namatheminali
Umoya-mpilo uthuthwa usuka esiteshini somoya-mpilo uyiswe esitezi ngasinye (isigceme, igumbi lokuhlinza, isikhungo sokuhlenga, umtholampilo weziguli ezingalalisiwe, njll.). Ngemuva kokuqiniswa kwengcindezi yesibili, ingcindezi yokukhipha umoya-mpilo ingu-0.1-0.4MPs(iyalungiseka). Izinga lokushisa elizungezile elizungeze ipayipi lomoya-mpilo akufanele lidlule ku-70°C.
Amalangabi avulekile namabala kawoyela akuvunyelwe eduze kwamapayipi noma amavalvu. Amapayipi okulethwa komoyampilo angenziwa ngamapayipi ethusi noma amapayipi ensimbi engagqwali. Eyangaphambili iyonga kakhulu futhi iyinto ekhethwayo eshiwo ama-standard kazwelonke
Ngemva kokuba ishubhu le-oxygen lingene ewodini, lixhunywa epuleti elibulalayo (elibizwa nangokuthi ibhande lokwelapha). Ipuleti letheminali liwumthombo wokuqondisa wezintambo ezihlukahlukene kanye nokuhlanganiswa kwezingxenye zetheminali zamapayipi ahlukahlukene.
Isikhathi sokuthumela: Jun-09-2025