Amadivayisi okusiza, njengengxenye ebalulekile yokuphila kwansuku zonke kwabangane abakhubazekile, aletha ukulula okuningi kanye nosizo empilweni.
Izisekelo zezihlalo zabakhubazekile
Umqondo wesihlalo sabakhubazekile
Isihlalo sabakhubazekile siyisihlalo esinamasondo angasiza futhi sithathe indawo yokuhamba. Siyindlela ebalulekile yokuhamba kwabalimele, abagulayo nabakhubazekile ukuze balulame ekhaya, bathuthwe, babone udokotela, futhi baphume bayokwenza imisebenzi.
Indima yesihlalo sabakhubazekile
Izihlalo zabakhubazekile azigcini nje ngokuhlangabezana nezidingo zokuhamba zabantu abakhubazekile ngokomzimba nalabo abangakwazi ukuhamba kahle, kodwa okubaluleke kakhulu, zenza kube lula ngamalungu omndeni ukuthutha nokunakekela iziguli, okuvumela iziguli ukuthi zivocavoce futhi zihlanganyele emisebenzini yomphakathi ngosizo lwezihlalo zabakhubazekile.
Usayizi wesihlalo sabakhubazekile
Isihlalo sabakhubazekile sakhiwe ngamasondo amakhulu, amasondo amancane, amasondo esandla, amathayi, amabhuleki, izihlalo nezinye izingxenye ezinkulu nezincane. Ngenxa yokuthi abasebenzisi bezihlalo zabakhubazekile badinga imisebenzi ehlukene, osayizi bezihlalo zabakhubazekile nabo bahlukile. Ngokwezimo zomzimba zabantu abadala nezingane, zihlukaniswe ngezihlalo zabakhubazekile zezingane kanye nezihlalo zabakhubazekile zabantu abadala. Kodwa ngokuyisisekelo, ububanzi obuphelele besihlalo sabakhubazekile esivamile bungu-65cm, ubude obuphelele bungu-104cm, kanti ukuphakama kwesihlalo kungu-51cm.
Ukukhetha isihlalo sabakhubazekile nakho kuyinto eyinkinga kakhulu, kodwa ukuze kube lula futhi kuphephe ukusetshenziswa, kubalulekile ukukhetha isihlalo sabakhubazekile esifanelekile. Uma uthenga isihlalo sabakhubazekile, naka ukukalwa kobubanzi besihlalo. Ububanzi obuhle kakhulu ibanga eliphakathi kwezinqe noma amathanga amabili lapho umsebenzisi ehlala phansi kanye no-5cm, okungukuthi, kukhona igebe elingu-2.5cm ohlangothini ngalunye ngemva kokuhlala phansi.
Isakhiwo sesihlalo sabakhubazekile
Isihlalo sabakhubazekile esivamile sakhiwe izingxenye ezine: uhlaka lwabakhubazekile, amasondo, idivayisi yamabhuleki kanye nesihlalo. Imisebenzi yezingxenye eziyinhloko zesihlalo sabakhubazekile ichazwe kafushane ngezansi.
1. Amasondo angemuva: athwala ingxenye enkulu yesisindo. Ububanzi besondo bungu-51,56,61,66cm. Ngaphandle kwezindawo ezimbalwa zokusetshenziswa ezidinga amathayi aqinile, amathayi asebenzisa umoya asetshenziswa kakhulu.
2. Amasondo amancane: Ububanzi bawo bungu-12, 15, 18 no-20cm. Amasondo amakhulu anobubanzi kulula ukuwawela izithiyo ezincane kanye namakhaphethi akhethekile. Kodwa-ke, uma ububanzi bukhulu kakhulu, isikhala esihlala kuso sonke isihlalo sabakhubazekile sizokhula, okwenza ukunyakaza kube nzima. Ngokuvamile, amasondo amancane aphambi kwamasondo amakhulu, kodwa ezihlalweni zabakhubazekile ezisetshenziswa abantu abakhubazekile ezithweni ezingezansi, amasondo amancane avame ukugoba ngemuva kwamasondo amakhulu. Ngesikhathi sokusebenza, kufanele kuqashelwe ukuthi isiqondiso sesondo elincane kufanele siqonde esondweni elikhulu, ngaphandle kwalokho kulula ukuligoba.
3. Umugqa wesondo lesandla: uhlukile ezihlalweni zabakhubazekile, ububanzi bawo buncane ngamasentimitha angu-5 kunomugqa wesondo omkhulu omkhulu. Uma i-hemiplegis iqhutshwa ngesandla esisodwa, kufakwa omunye onobubanzi obuncane ukuze kukhethwe. Indandatho yesondo lesandla ivame ukusunduzwa ngqo yisiguli.
4. Amathayi: Kunezinhlobo ezintathu: ishubhu eliqinile, elinomoya kanye nelingenamapayipi ahambayo. Uhlobo oluqinile luhamba ngokushesha endaweni eyisicaba futhi alunawo amathuba okuqhuma, okwenza kube lula ukulusunduza, kodwa luyadlidliza kakhulu emigwaqweni engalingani futhi kunzima ukulukhipha uma lubhajwe emseleni obanzi njengethayi; Lawo anamashubhu angaphakathi agcwele umoya kunzima ukuwasunduza futhi kulula ukuwabhoboza, kodwa ukudlidliza kuncane kunalawo aqinile; Izinhlobo ezingenamapayipi angenamoya zikhululekile ukuhlala kuzo ngoba azinawo ishubhu elingaphakathi futhi ngeke zibhoboze, futhi nazo zigcwele umoya ngaphakathi, kodwa kunzima kakhulu ukuwasunduza kunalawo aqinile.
5. Ibhuleki: Amasondo amakhulu kufanele abe namabhuleki esondweni ngalinye. Vele, uma umgibeli esebenzisa isandla esisodwa kuphela, kufanele asebenzise ibhuleki lesandla esisodwa, kodwa induku yokwelula ingafakwa ukuze isebenzise amabhuleki kuzo zombili izinhlangothi.
Kunezinhlobo ezimbili zamabhuleki
Amabhuleki anezimbobo
Leli bhuleki liphephile futhi lithembekile, kodwa lidinga umzamo owengeziwe. Ngemva kokulungiswa, imoto ingabhuleka futhi endaweni ethambekele. Uma ilungiswa ibe yizinga 1 futhi ingakwazi ukubhuleka endaweni eyisicaba, ibhekwa njengengasebenzi.
Shintsha amabhuleki
Kusetshenziswa isimiso se-lever, amabhuleki asetshenziswa ezinhlanganisweni eziningana. Inzuzo yayo yemishini ukuthi ibhuleki lohlobo lwe-notch liqinile, kodwa liyahluleka ngokushesha. Ukuze kwandiswe amandla okubhuleka kwesiguli, induku yokwelula ivame ukungezwa ebhulekini, kodwa le nduku yonakala kalula futhi izothinta ukuphepha uma ingahlolwa njalo.
6. Isihlalo: Ukuphakama, ukujula nobubanzi bayo kuncike esimweni somzimba wesiguli, futhi ukuthungwa kwayo nakho kuncike ohlotsheni lwesifo. Ngokuvamile, ukujula kungu-41,43cm, ububanzi bungu-40,46cm, kanti ukuphakama kungu-45,50cm.
7. Umcamelo wesihlalo: Ukuze kugwenywe izilonda zokucindezeleka, imicamelo yesihlalo iyinto ebalulekile, futhi kufanele kuqashelwe kakhulu ukukhethwa kwemicamelo.
8. Ukuphumula kwezinyawo nemilenze: Ukuphumula kwemilenze kungaba uhlobo oluhlanganisiwe noma uhlobo oluhlukanisiwe. Zombili izinhlobo zezisekelo zenzelwe ukujikijela ohlangothini olulodwa. Kumelwe uqaphele ukuphakama kwesihlalo sezinyawo. Uma isihlalo sezinyawo siphakeme kakhulu, i-engeli yokujikijela kwe-hip izoba nkulu kakhulu, futhi isisindo esengeziwe sizongezwa ku-ischial tuberosity, okungase kubangele izilonda zokucindezeleka kule ndawo kalula.
9. Ukusekela emuva: Izindawo zokusekela emuva zingaba phezulu noma phansi futhi zingathambekela noma zingathambeki. Uma isiguli sinokulingana okuhle nokulawula isiqu, isihlalo sabakhubazekile esinomhlane ophansi singasetshenziswa ukuvumela isiguli ukuba sikwazi ukuhambahamba kahle. Ngaphandle kwalokho, kufanele kusetshenziswe isihlalo sabakhubazekile esinomhlane ophakeme.
10. Izindawo zokubeka izingalo: Ngokuvamile, ziphakeme ngamasentimitha angu-22.5-25 kunobuso besihlalo. Ezinye izindawo zokubeka izingalo zingalungiswa ngokuphakama. Ungabeka nokudla endaweni yokubeka izingalo ukuze ufunde futhi udle.
Ububanzi bokusetshenziswa kanye nezici zezihlalo zabakhubazekile
Kunezinhlobo eziningi zezihlalo zabakhubazekile emakethe. Ngokwezinto zokwakha, zingahlukaniswa zibe yi-aluminium alloy, izinto ezilula kanye nensimbi. Uma ngokwezinhlobo zazo, zingahlukaniswa zibe yizihlalo zabakhubazekile ezivamile kanye nezihlalo zabakhubazekile ezikhethekile. Izihlalo zabakhubazekile ezikhethekile zingahlukaniswa zibe: uchungechunge lwezihlalo zabakhubazekile zezemidlalo zokuzilibazisa, uchungechunge lwezihlalo zabakhubazekile ze-elekthronikhi, uhlelo lwezihlalo zabakhubazekile oluseceleni kwesihlalo, uchungechunge lwezihlalo zabakhubazekile olusiza ngokuma, njll.
Isihlalo sabakhubazekile esivamile: ikakhulukazi yakhiwe ngohlaka lwesihlalo sabakhubazekile, amasondo, amabhuleki kanye namanye amadivayisi.
Ububanzi besicelo: abantu abakhubazekile ezithweni ezingezansi, i-hemiplegia, i-paraplegia ngaphansi kwesifuba kanye nabantu asebekhulile abangakwazi ukuhamba kahle.
Izici: iziguli zingasebenzisa izindawo zokubeka izingalo eziqinile noma ezikhishwayo, izindawo zokubeka izinyawo eziqinile noma ezikhishwayo zodwa, futhi idivayisi ingagoqwa futhi igcinwe uma ithwalwa ngaphandle noma ingasetshenziswa.
Ngokusho kwemodeli kanye nentengo, ingahlukaniswa ibe yi: isihlalo esiqinile, isihlalo esithambile, ithayi elinomoya noma ithayi eliqinile.
Isihlalo sabakhubazekile esikhethekile: Inemisebenzi ephelele. Akuyona nje indlela yokuhamba yabantu abakhubazekile nabantu abanokuhamba okulinganiselwe, kodwa futhi ineminye imisebenzi.
Ukukhetha isihlalo sabakhubazekile
Kunezinhlobo eziningi zezihlalo zabakhubazekile. Ezivame kakhulu yizihlalo zabakhubazekile ezijwayelekile, izihlalo zabakhubazekile ezikhethekile, izihlalo zabakhubazekile zikagesi, izihlalo zabakhubazekile zemisebenzi ekhethekile (yezemidlalo), kanye nama-scooter okunyakaza.
Isihlalo sabakhubazekile esijwayelekile: Isihlalo sabakhubazekile esijwayelekile sicishe sibe sesimweni sesihlalo, sinamasondo amane. Isondo langemuva likhulu, linesondo lesandla, amabhuleki nawo ayengezwa esondweni langemuva, kanti isondo langaphambili lincane, elisetshenziselwa ukuqondisa. Isondo elivimbela ama-tipper lifakwa ngemuva kwesihlalo sabakhubazekile.
Ngokuvamile, isihlalo sabakhubazekile silula futhi singagoqwa.
Ilungele abantu abanezimo ezijwayelekile noma izinkinga zokuhamba zesikhashana, futhi ayifaneleki ukuhlala isikhathi eside.
Isihlalo sabakhubazekile esikhethekile: Kuye ngesimo sesiguli, kunezinye izesekeli eziningi ezahlukene, njengomthamo womthwalo othuthukisiwe, isihlalo esikhethekile noma izihlalo zangemuva, izinhlelo zokusekela intamo, imilenze elungisekayo, amatafula okudlela asuswayo, njll.
Isihlalo sabakhubazekile sikagesi: Isihlalo sabakhubazekile esinenjini kagesi.
Kuye ngendlela yokulawula, abanye basebenzisa i-joystick, kanti abanye basebenzisa izinkinobho ezahlukahlukene njengekhanda noma uhlelo lokuphefumula.
Kulabo abakhubazekile kakhulu noma abadinga ukuhamba ibanga elide, ukusebenzisa isihlalo sabakhubazekile sikagesi kuyisinqumo esihle inqobo nje uma ikhono labo lokuqonda lihle, kodwa kudinga indawo enkulu yokunyakaza.
Isihlalo sabakhubazekile (sezemidlalo) senhloso ekhethekile: Isihlalo sabakhubazekile esiklanyelwe ngokukhethekile esisetshenziselwa imidlalo yokuzijabulisa noma imincintiswano.
Okuvamile ukugijima noma i-basketball, kanti nokudansa nakho kuyinto evamile kakhulu.
Ngokuvamile, ukukhanya nokuqina yizona izici, futhi kusetshenziswa izinto eziningi zobuchwepheshe obuphezulu.
Imoto yokuhamba: Isigaba esibanzi sezihlalo zabakhubazekile, ezisetshenziswa abantu abaningi asebekhulile. Ngokuvamile zihlukaniswe ngezimoto ezinamasondo amathathu nezinamasondo amane, eziqhutshwa yimoto kagesi, enomkhawulo wejubane elingu-15km/h, futhi zihlelwe ngokwezinga lomthwalo.
Ukulungiswa kwesihlalo sabakhubazekile
- Ngaphambi kokusebenzisa isihlalo sabakhubazekile futhi kungakapheli inyanga eyodwa, hlola ukuthi amabhawodi akhululekile yini. Uma ekhululekile, waqinise ngesikhathi. Ngesikhathi sokusetshenziswa okuvamile, kufanele kwenziwe ukuhlolwa njalo ezinyangeni ezintathu ukuqinisekisa ukuthi zonke izingxenye zisesimweni esihle. Hlola ama-nut ahlukahlukene aqinile esihlalweni sabakhubazekile (ikakhulukazi ama-nut okulungisa e-axle yesondo langemuva). Uma kutholakala ukukhululeka, lungisa bese uwaqinisa ngesikhathi.
- Uma isihlalo sabakhubazekile sichayeka emvuleni ngesikhathi sisetshenziswa, kufanele sisulwe somile ngesikhathi. Isihlalo sabakhubazekile esisetshenziswa njalo kufanele sisulwe njalo ngendwangu ethambile neyomile bese simbozwa nge-wax elwa nokugqwala ukuze sigcine isihlalo sabakhubazekile sikhanya futhi sihle isikhathi eside.
- Hlola ukunyakaza nokuguquguquka kwendlela ejikelezayo njalo bese ufaka i-lubricant. Uma i-axle yesondo elingamasentimitha angu-24 idinga ukususwa ngesizathu esithile, qiniseka ukuthi i-nut iqinisiwe futhi ngeke ikhululeke lapho uyifaka kabusha.
- Amabhawodi okuxhumanisa ohlaka lwesihlalo sabakhubazekile ayizixhumanisi ezikhululekile futhi akumelwe ziqiniswe.
Isikhathi sokuthunyelwe: Meyi-19-2025